Characterization of static and dynamic geotechnical properties and behaviors of fine coal refuse

Publication: Canadian Geotechnical Journal
7 February 2019

Abstract

The geotechnical properties, cyclic behavior, and liquefaction resistance of in situ fine coal refuse (FCR) have not been sufficiently investigated. This paper presents the characterization of static and dynamic geotechnical properties of in situ coal slurry samples. Representative coal slurry samples were taken from two coal slurry impoundments in the Appalachian coalfields in the USA. Standard penetration tests (SPTs) were conducted. Index properties, hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, and shear stiffness of the FCR were determined. The geotechnical properties of the representative FCR were found significantly dependent on the location and depth of the samples. However, the FCR samples were classified as soft and low plasticity silty sands to sandy silts. Cyclic direct simple shear (DSS) tests were conducted on representative samples prepared using slurry deposition method to evaluate the liquefaction resistance and cyclic behavior of FCR. The cyclic stress ratio – number of cycles required for liquefaction occurrence (CSR–N) curve for FCR was established. The cyclic resistance of FCR compared well with the empirical correlations for sand-like materials, though the stress–strain behavior and pore-water pressure generation exhibited clay-like behavior. Each cyclic DSS test was followed by a static shearing to assess the post-liquefaction shear strength of the FCR. Significant decrease in shear modulus and dilative behavior were observed after liquefaction.

Résumé

Les propriétés géotechniques, le comportement cyclique et la résistance à la liquéfaction de résidus de charbon fins (RCF) in situ n’ont pas été suffisamment étudiés. Cet article présente la caractérisation des propriétés géotechniques statiques et dynamiques d’échantillons de boues de charbon in situ. Des échantillons représentatifs de boues de charbon ont été prélevés dans deux bassins de stockage de boues de charbon dans les mines de charbon des Appalaches aux États-Unis. Des tests de pénétration standard (SPT) ont été effectués. Les propriétés caractéristiques, la conductivité hydraulique, la résistance au cisaillement et la rigidité au cisaillement de RCF ont été déterminées. Les propriétés géotechniques des RCF représentatif ont été trouvées dépendantes de l’emplacement et de la profondeur des échantillons. Cependant, les échantillons de RCF ont été classés comme sables limoneux mous et de faible plasticité à limons sableux. Des tests « direct simple shear » (DSS) cycliques ont été menés sur des échantillons représentatifs préparés à l’aide de la méthode de dépôt en suspension afin d’évaluer la résistance à la liquéfaction et le comportement cyclique des RCF. La courbe « cyclic stress ratio – number of cycles required for liquefaction occurrence » (CSR–N) pour RCF a été établie. La résistance cyclique des RCF se comparait bien avec les corrélations empiriques pour les matériaux de type sable, bien que le comportement de contrainte–déformation et la génération de pression des pores aient présenté un comportement de type argile. Chaque test DSS cyclique était suivi d’un cisaillement statique pour évaluer la résistance au cisaillement post-liquéfaction des RCF. Une diminution significative du module de cisaillement et du comportement de dilatation ont été observés après la liquéfaction. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Geotechnical Journal
Canadian Geotechnical Journal
Volume 56Number 12December 2019
Pages: 1901 - 1916

History

Received: 8 September 2018
Accepted: 31 January 2019
Published online: 7 February 2019

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Key Words

  1. fine coal refuse (FCR)
  2. coal slurry
  3. geotechnical properties
  4. liquefaction susceptibility
  5. liquefaction and post-liquefaction resistance

Mots-clés

  1. résidus de charbon fins (RCF)
  2. boues de charbon
  3. propriétés géotechniques
  4. susceptibilité à la liquéfaction
  5. résistance à la liquéfaction et à la post-liquéfaction

Authors

Affiliations

Sajjad Salam ssalam@psu.edu
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Ming Xiao*
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Arash Khosravifar
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
Min Liew
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Shimin Liu
Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Jamal Rostami
Department of Mining Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.

Notes

*
M. Xiao currently serves as an Editorial Board Member; peer review and editorial decisions regarding this manuscript were handled by C. Shackelford.
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5. Strain History and Short-Period Aging Effects on the Strength and Cyclic Response of Fine-Grained Coal Refuse
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7. Study on cyclically dynamic behavior of tailing soil exposed to freeze-thaw cycles
8. Numerical Modeling

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