Size-Biased Survival in Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Back-Calculated Lengths from Adults' Scales Compared to Migrating Smolts at the Keogh River, British Columbia
Publication: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
November 1989
Abstract
Lengths of wild, winter-run steelhead smolts, estimated by back-calculation procedures from adults' scales, were compared with observed lengths of migrating smolts sampled near the mouth of the Keogh River, Vancouver Island. Size-biased smolt-to-adult survival rates were estimated for several length categories by utilizing length frequencies from observed smolts, smolt length frequencies which were back calculated from adults' scales, smolt yield, and adult returns. Back-calculated smolt length (BSL) of adults returning from smolts of 1977 to 1982 averaged 193 mm compared to 176 mm for observed smolt length (OSL). Mean BSL was larger than OSL in every year. Adults from odd-numbered smolt years had larger BSL than adults from even-numbered smolt years similar to the pattern in OSL. BSL increased with increased years spent in salt water, based on ageing adults' scales. Males and females had different BSL based on number of years spent in fresh water and salt water, although they exhibited the same mean BSL overall. The smolt-to-adult survival estimates were in close agreement with previous estimates derived from the mean OSL. Predictability of survival in the ocean based on the length of smolts was extended over a broad range of the length distribution of wild steelhead smolts.
Résumé
Les longueurs de smolts de truite arc-en-ciel en descente hivernale estimées par rétrocalcul à partir d'écailles d'adultes ont été comparées aux longueurs mesurées de smolts en migration recueillis près de l'embouchure de la rivière Keogh sur l'île Vancouver. Nous avons calculé les taux de survie en fonction de la taille, du stade de smolt au stade adulte, pour plusieurs classes de longueur à partir de la fréquence des différentes longueurs de smolts échantillonnés, de la fréquence des longueurs obtenues par rétrocaicul à partir d'écailles d'adultes, du rendement de la production de smolts et de la quantité d'adultes au moment de la montaison. Les longueurs des smolts obtenues par rétrocalcul ("back-calculated smolt length", ou BSL) à partir des écailles d'adultes en montaison qui étaient au stade de smolt de 1977 à 1982 étaient en moyenne de 193 mm, comparé à une longueur moyenne mesurée ("observed smolt length", ou OSL) de 176 mm. La BSL était supérieure à l'OSL à chaque année. Les adultes qui étaient smolts durant les années impaires ont donné des BSL supérieures à celles des adultes qui étaient smolts durant les années paires. Les résultats sont similaires dans le cas des OSL. Nous avons trouvé, en nous basant sur les renseignements fournis par les écailles des adultes, que la valeur des BSL varie en raison directe du nombre d'années passées en eau douce et en raison inverse du nombre d'années passées en eau salée. Suivant le nombre d'années passées en eau douce et en eau salée, les mâles et les femelles ont des BSL différentes, mais, globalement, leurs BSL moyennes étaient identiques. Les estimations du taux de survie du stade de smolt au stade adulte correspondaient étroitement avec les estimations réalisées antérieurement à partir des OSL moyennes. Les prévisions relatives à la survie dans l'océan, prévisions fondées sur la longueur des smolts, ont été étendues pour couvrir un large spectre de la distribution suivant la longueur des smolts de truite arc-en-ciel sauvage.
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Published In
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Volume 46 • Number 11 • November 1989
Pages: 1853 - 1858
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Version of record online: 11 April 2011
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B. R. Ward, P. A. Slaney, A. R. Facchin, and R. W. Land. 1989. Size-Biased Survival in Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Back-Calculated Lengths from Adults' Scales Compared to Migrating Smolts at the Keogh River, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.
46(11): 1853-1858. https://doi.org/10.1139/f89-233
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