Cookies Notification

We use cookies to improve your website experience. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy.
×

Does fresh vegetation protect avian nests from ectoparasites? An experiment with tree swallows

Publication: Canadian Journal of Zoology
July 2004

Abstract

Some species of birds incorporate fresh green vegetation into their nests. The adaptive significance of this behaviour, however, is unclear. The "nest protection hypothesis" suggests that volatile chemicals contained in green plants reduce populations of nest-dwelling ectoparasites. I tested this hypothesis with tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot, 1808), a species that has large infestations of ectoparasites in its nests. I experimentally added green leaves of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) to nests and compared these nests to control nests. My results showed that nests with yarrow had significantly higher levels of infestation by fleas, and yarrow had no effect on the number of blow flies detected. There was no effect of yarrow on condition of parents, size of offspring, or the probability of nests fledging at least one young. I did, however, find that second-year (SY) females with yarrow added to their nests hatched significantly more eggs than control SY females. In addition, pairs with yarrow added to their nest were significantly less likely to suffer hatching failure and (or) brood reduction. These beneficial effects of yarrow cannot be explained by reductions in numbers of fleas or blow flies, and I suggest that these results may be due to reductions in numbers of other types of parasites not quantified in my study, such as flying insects or the diseases that they may vector. I discuss my findings for swallows in the context of results from previous studies of other species that habitually use green plant material such as yarrow in their nests.

Résumé

Quelques espèces d'oiseaux incorporent de la végétation verte fraîche dans leurs nids. La fonction d'adaptation d'un tel comportement reste, cependant, incertaine. L'« hypothèse de protection du nid » veut que les produits chimiques volatils contenus dans les plantes vertes réduisent les populations d'ectoparasites dans le nid. L'hypothèse a pu être vérifiée chez des hirondelles bicolores, Tachycineta bicolor (Vieillot, 1808), des oiseaux qui possèdent de fortes infestations d'ectoparasites dans leur nid. Des nids portant des feuilles vertes de l'achillée millefeuille ont été comparés à des nids témoins. Les nids avec de l'achillée ont des taux d'infestations de puces significativement plus élevés, alors que l'achillée reste sans effet sur les nombres de mouches de la viande observées. L'achillée est aussi sans effet sur la condition physique des parents, la taille des petits et la probabilité qu'au moins un petit prenne son envol du nid. Cependant, dans les nids munis d'achillée des femelles de seconde année (SY), l'éclosion des oeufs est plus importante que dans les nids de femelles SY témoins. De plus, il y a une probabilité plus faible d'éclosions ratées et (ou) de réduction des couvées chez les couples possédant un nid muni d'achillée. Ces effets bénéfiques de l'achillée ne peuvent s'expliquer par une réduction de puces ou de mouches de la viande; ces résultats peuvent être dus à la réduction d'autres parasites non dénombrés dans cette étude, tels que les insectes volants et les maladies qu'ils peuvent transmettre. Les résultats obtenus chez les hirondelles sont examinés dans le contexte d'études antérieures sur d'autres espèces qui utilisent communément du matériel végétal vert, tel que de l'achillée, dans la construction de leurs nids.[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Zoology
Canadian Journal of Zoology
Volume 82Number 7July 2004
Pages: 1005 - 1010

History

Version of record online: 15 February 2011

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Other Metrics

Citations

Cite As

Export Citations

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

1. Effects of experimental nest treatment with herbs on ectoparasites and body condition of nestlings
2. Nest Design and Breeding Success: Replicability of Methodologies and Research Findings in Secondary Hole Nesting Passerines
3. Development of nestling blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ) is affected by experimental addition of aromatic plants
4. Cavity type influences abundance of nest‐dwelling avian blow flies: an experiment with tree swallows
5. Determinants of external and blood parasite load in African penguins ( Spheniscus demersus ) admitted for rehabilitation
6. Progression in the bacterial load during the breeding season in nest boxes occupied by the Blue Tit and its potential impact on hatching or fledging success
7. An experimental demonstration that house finches add cigarette butts in response to ectoparasites
8. Causes and Consequences of Intraspecific Variation in Nesting Behaviors: Insights from Blue Tits and Great Tits
9. Tidal flooding is associated with lower ectoparasite intensity in nests of the Saltmarsh Sparrow ( Ammodramus caudacutus )
10. A review of available methods and description of a new method for eliminating ectoparasites from bird nests
11. A review of the nest protection hypothesis: does inclusion of fresh green plant material in birds’ nests reduce parasite infestation?
12. Effects of ectoparasites on seasonal variation in quality of nestling Tree Swallows (Tachycinetabicolor)
13. Green Plant Material in Avian Nests
14. Interacting effects of aromatic plants and female age on nest-dwelling ectoparasites and blood-sucking flies in avian nests
15. Aromatic plants in nests of blue tits: positive effects on nestlings
16. Blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) respond to an experimental change in the aromatic plant odour composition of their nest
17. Aromatic plants in blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus nests: no negative effect on blood-sucking Protocalliphora blow fly larvae
18. A simple trapping method to estimate abundances of blood-sucking flying insects in avian nests
19. Experimental addition of greenery reduces flea loads in nests of a non‐greenery using species, the tree swallow Tachycineta bicolor
20. Nest design and the abundance of parasitic Protocalliphora blow flies in two hole-nesting passerines

View Options

Login options

Check if you access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Subscribe

Click on the button below to subscribe to Canadian Journal of Zoology

Purchase options

Purchase this article to get full access to it.

Restore your content access

Enter your email address to restore your content access:

Note: This functionality works only for purchases done as a guest. If you already have an account, log in to access the content to which you are entitled.

View options

PDF

View PDF

Media

Tables

Media

Share Options

Share

Share the article link

Share on social media