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Dose escalation study of bovine lactoferrin in preterm infants: getting the dose right

Publication: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
26 August 2020

Abstract

Lactoferrin as a nutritional enteral supplement has emerged as a novel preventative therapy against serious infections in preterm infants, although neonatal studies have demonstrated variable results, in part due to the lack of pharmacokinetic data and differences in the products tested. We conducted a prospective, dose escalation (100, 200, and 300 mg·kg–1·day–1) safety study of bovine lactoferrin (Glanbia Nutritionals, USA) dissolved in sterile water (100 mg·mL–1) for 30 days in preterm infants with birth weight <1500 g. Safety related to adverse events (AEs), tolerability, and exposure-response of lactoferrin was assessed. We enrolled 31 patients [10, 10, and 11 patients, for the lactoferrin treatment groups (100, 200, and 300 mg·kg–1·day–1, respectively)] over a 10-month period. No AEs related to the study solution occurred, and lactoferrin was tolerated by each group. During lactoferrin supplementation, one bloodstream infection occurred in each group, but there were no incidences of urinary tract infections and no cases of necrotizing enterocolitis. Postnatal cytomegalovirus acquisition was detected in the group treated with 200 mg·kg–1·day–1 (n = 2). There were no adverse effects on hepatic, renal, or hematologic function. All of the patients survived to discharge. Bovine lactoferrin at doses up to 300 mg·kg–1·day–1 is safe in preterm infants. Future studies examining higher doses of lactoferrin, length of treatment, and potency of different products will aid in determining the optimal approach for the use of lactoferrin to prevent infections in preterm infants.

Résumé

La lactoferrine en tant que complément nutritionnel entéral est apparue comme une nouvelle thérapie préventive contre les infections graves chez les prématurés, bien que les études néonatales aient démontré des résultats variables, en partie en raison du manque de données pharmacocinétiques et des différences entre les produits. Les auteurs ont mené une étude prospective, à doses croissantes (100, 200 et 300 mg·kg–1·jour–1), sur l’innocuité de la lactoferrine bovine (Glanbia Nutritionals, É.-U.) dissoute dans de l’eau stérile (100 mg·mL–1) pendant 30 jours chez des prématurés <1500 g. L’innocuité quant aux effets indésirables (EI), la tolérabilité et la réponse à l’exposition de la lactoferrine ont été évaluées. Ils ont recruté 31 patients (10, 10 et 11 patients respectivement) sur une période de 10 mois. Aucun effet indésirable lié aux solutions à l’étude n’est survenu et la lactoferrine a été tolérée dans chaque groupe. Au cours de la supplémentation en lactoferrine, une infection sanguine est survenue dans chacun des groupes, mais aucune infection urinaire ni aucun cas d’entérocolite nécrosante n’ont été observés. L’acquisition postnatale de cytomégalovirus a été détectée dans le groupe recevant 200 mg·kg–1·jour–1 (n = 2). Il n’y a pas eu d’effets indésirables sur la fonction hépatique, rénale ou hématologique. Tous les patients ont survécu jusqu’à leur sortie. La lactoferrine bovine à des doses allant jusqu’à 300 mg·kg–1·jour–1 est sûre chez les prématurés. De futures études portant sur des doses plus élevées de lactoferrine, la durée du traitement et la puissance de différents produits aideront à déterminer l’approche optimale d’utilisation de la lactoferrine dans la prévention des infections. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Reference

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Volume 99Number 1February 2021
Pages: 7 - 13

History

Received: 7 May 2020
Accepted: 7 August 2020
Accepted manuscript online: 26 August 2020
Version of record online: 26 August 2020

Notes

This Article is one of a selection of papers from the 14th International Conference on Lactoferrin Structure, Function, and Applications, held in Lima, Peru, 4–8 November 2019.

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Key Words

  1. lactoferrin
  2. preterm infants
  3. safety
  4. infection prevention

Mots-clés

  1. lactoferrine
  2. nourrissons prématurés
  3. innocuité
  4. prévention des infections

Authors

Affiliations

David A. Kaufman [email protected]
Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Andrew Berenz
Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Hannah L. Itell
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
Mark Conaway
Department of Biostatistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Amy Blackman
Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
James P. Nataro
Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Sallie R. Permar*
Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Notes

*
Present address: Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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