Ginseng aqueous extract attenuates the production of virulence factors, stimulates twitching and adhesion, and eradicates biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Publication: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
4 August 2011
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract of Panax quinquefolius from North American ginseng (NAGE) root against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of reference and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were measured by a standard agar-dilution method. At subinhibitory NAGE concentrations, the secretion of virulence factors, motility on agar, and adhesion to 96-well microplates were studied on the nonmucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa O1 strain. At suprainhibitory concentrations, the activity of NAGE against mature biofilm complexes formed in the Calgary Biofilm Device and the Stovall flow cell were assessed. NAGE possessed an antibacterial activity against all the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains at 1.25%–2.5% w/v. NAGE also significantly attenuated pyocyanin, pyoverdine, and lipase concentrations, stimulated twitching, and attenuated swarming and swimming motility. At 1.25% w/v, NAGE augmented adhesion, and at 5% w/v detached 1-day-old biofilms in microplates. The extract also eradicated 6-day-old mature biofilms (5% w/v), and fluorescence microscopy displayed a reduction of live cells and biofilm complexes compared with nontreated biofilms. These data suggest that the aqueous extract from North American ginseng possesses antimicrobial activities in vitro.
Résumé
La présente étude a eu pour but d’examiner l’activité antimicrobienne d’un extrait aqueux de Panax quinquefolius, isolé de la racine du ginseng d’Amérique du Nord (EGAN), contre la bactérie Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nous avons mesuré les concentrations minimales inhibitrices de référence et les isolats cliniques de Pseudomonas aeruginosa en utilisant une méthode de dilution standard en milieu gélosé. Aux concentrations sub-inhibitrices, nous avons examiné la sécrétion des facteurs de virulence, la mobilité en gélose et l’adhésion aux microplaques 96 puits sur la souche non mucoïde de Pseudomonas aeruginosa O1. Aux concentrations supra-inhibitrices, nous avons évalué l’activité contre les biofilms matures formés dans l’appareil de Biofilm Calgary (Calgary Biofilm Device) et dans la cuve de circulation Stovall. L’EGAN a présenté une activité antibactérienne contre toutes les souches de Pseudomonas aeruginosa entre 1,25 % et 2,5 % p/v. Il a aussi significativement diminué les concentrations de pyocyanine, de pyoverdine et de lipase, stimulé la contraction, et atténué l’essaimage et la nage. À 1,25 % p/v, il a augmenté l’adhésion et à 5 % p/v détaché les biofilms d’un jour dans les microplaques. L’extrait a aussi éliminé les biofilms matures de 6 jours (5 % p/v), et la microscopie de fluorescence a montré une diminution de cellules vivantes et de biofilms par rapport aux biofilms non traités. Ces résultats donnent à penser que l’extrait aqueux de la racine du ginseng d’Amérique du Nord possède des activités antimicrobiennes in vitro.
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Published In
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
Volume 89 • Number 6 • June 2011
Pages: 419 - 427
History
Received: 4 April 2011
Accepted: 26 June 2011
Version of record online: 4 August 2011
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© 2011.
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AlipourMisagh, OmriAbdelwahab, and SuntresZacharias E.. 2011. Ginseng aqueous extract attenuates the production of virulence factors, stimulates twitching and adhesion, and eradicates biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology.
89(6): 419-427. https://doi.org/10.1139/y11-057
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